Module: Procurement & Supply Chain Prerequisites: Suppliers, stock items and at least one warehouse set up; default chart of accounts loaded

This guide follows a purchase from start to finish: deciding what to buy, raising the purchase order, receiving the goods, adding landed costs, capturing the supplier's bill and paying it. Each step that posts to the general ledger is named, so your accountant can follow the trail.

Decide What to Buy

1
Set stock levels and lead times

Give each stock item a minimum level, reorder point and maximum level, and link it to its usual supplier. Capture the supplier's lead time in days on the supplier record.

2
Review the recommendations

Go to Finance → Purchasing (AP) and click Planning. Each recommendation looks at stock on hand, stock already on order, open demand from job cards, recent usage, the supplier's lead time and the item's stock levels. It shows a suggested quantity, an estimated cost and the reasons for the suggestion.

3
Create the order from a recommendation

Click Create Draft PO on a recommendation to raise a draft purchase order for that item with its supplier.

Raise and Approve the Purchase Order

1
Create the PO

On Finance → Purchasing (AP), click New PO, or open a supplier under Operations → Suppliers. Choose the supplier and warehouse, then add lines with quantity, unit price and VAT rate.

2
Approval

A user with approval rights approves the PO on its page. If an approval rule exists for purchase orders and the order total reaches the rule's amount threshold, an approval request is also raised automatically and shows under ERP → Approvals. Each rule has one amount threshold and one approver role per document type.

3
Send it to the supplier

Download the PO as a PDF or email it from the PO page, then mark it as sent.

Receive the Goods

1
Capture the goods received note (GRN)

On an approved or sent PO, click Receive stock (GRN). Enter the quantity received per line, the warehouse, the supplier's delivery note number and who received it. Part deliveries are allowed; the PO shows as partially received until all lines are in.

2
What the GRN does

Stock on hand increases and the item's weighted average cost is updated. The ledger entry is DR 1500 Inventory / CR 2150 Goods received not invoiced, at the order cost.

3
Inspect if needed

Create an inspection under Operations → Quality Control linked to the GRN, and record passed, failed and quarantined quantities.

Add Landed Costs

1
Create a landed cost voucher

Go to Finance → Landed Costs, link the voucher to a GRN and add cost lines of type freight, customs duty, insurance or other.

2
Choose the allocation and post

Spread the costs over the GRN lines by value or by quantity. Posting adds each line's share to the item's cost price and posts DR 1500 Inventory / CR 2100 Accounts payable.

Avoid counting the cost twice

The landed cost voucher already credits 2100 Accounts payable. Agree with your accountant how to capture the freight or clearing agent's own bill so the same cost is not recorded a second time.

Capture and Pay the Supplier's Bill

1
Capture the bill

On Finance → Purchasing (AP), open the Bills tab and add the bill. Each line has a GL account; control accounts cannot be used. Lines for goods received on a PO go to 2150, which clears the GRN accrual. Other lines default to 7000. Only change the VAT amount to match the VAT printed on the supplier's tax invoice.

2
Approve the bill

Use Approve bill. A posted bill cannot be edited (only its notes and due date) or deleted. If it is wrong, Cancel it, which reverses its journal.

3
Credit and debit notes

Under Finance → Supplier Notes, a supplier credit note reduces what you owe, is reported in VAT201 Field 12 and can be applied to a bill. A supplier debit note becomes a linked bill and is reported in VAT201 Field 18.

4
Pay through a payment run

Go to Finance → Payment Runs and select approved bills with a balance. A second user must approve the run. Export the run as a CSV file for your bank, then mark it as paid to record and post the payments.

Bank file format

The payment run export is a general CSV file. Check that it matches your bank's bulk payment layout before you upload it.

Ledger Summary

StepDebitCredit
Goods received1500 Inventory2150 Goods received not invoiced
Landed cost voucher1500 Inventory2100 Accounts payable
Bill for goods received2150 (received lines), 1200 VAT input2100 Accounts payable
Supplier credit note2100 Accounts payableLine accounts, 1200 VAT input

Price differences between the GRN and the bill stay on 2150 for reconciliation. See Accounting Rules for the full treatment.

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